A Simple Key For KGW Crystal Unveiled
A Simple Key For KGW Crystal Unveiled
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We applied a transmission grating (TG) to be a dispersive part within our stretcher and compressor. A compact configuration was adopted, where by the stretcher along with the compressor shared one grating much like that in Ref.
In summary, we demonstrated that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are economical nonlinear products for broadband SC technology while in the near-infrared and small-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by a hundred and eighty fs essential harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO generated two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Look at to SC spectra created in YAG. These supplies show very equivalent performances to YAG also with regards to threshold and ideal pump pulse energies for SC era. Nonetheless, for what issues the chance to operate at significant laser pulse repetition charge, YSO, LSO and LYSO show long lasting operation only at 10 kHz and immediately degrade (inside of a couple of minutes) at 20 kHz. Other than the comparatively small SC generation threshold (169 nJ), GGG demonstrated fantastic performance characteristics during the limited-wave infrared with the optimum pump pulse Strength of 464 nJ, which happens to be two instances decreased than in YAG: the most important purple-shifted spectral broadening and the best spectral Electricity density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that component.
The monoclinic crystal buildings ends in a natural birefringence, assisting to prevent thermally induced polarization rotation and depolarization decline.
The calculated Slash-off wavelengths in the brief-wavelength side are in line with the final craze of blue-shifted spectral broadening around the bandgap of nonlinear product. Every one of the nonlinear components generated sensible pink-shifted spectral broadenings underneath circumstances of exceptional pump pulse energies, with the most important red-change exceeding 2000 nm measured in GGG crystal. Our effects exposed that GGG and BGO (which also had the bottom supercontinuum generation threshold) give sturdy, optical harm-absolutely free overall performance at a laser repetition fee of two hundred kHz, suggesting that these resources are great alternate options to YAG and KGW for low threshold, large normal ability supercontinuum technology while in the in the vicinity of- and short-wave infrared spectral ranges. We also demonstrated that scintillating Homes of bulk elements may very well be conveniently analyzed during the filamentation routine, by means of multiphoton excitation employing in close proximity to-infrared femtosecond laser pulses.
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KGW (potassium gadolinium tungstate) is usually a crystal that is usually utilised being a Raman crystal in Raman spectroscopy. This is a colorless, transparent crystal that features a significant Raman scattering effectiveness and a strong Raman spectrum, rendering it appropriate for A variety of Raman purposes.
Although BGO and LT made the narrowest SC spectra (a bit a lot less than one.5 optical octaves), they may be seen as pretty interesting nonlinear components for broadband SC generation with pumping at longer laser wavelengths. Owing to its big nonlinearity, BGO exhibited the bottom SC era threshold (seventy eight nJ) One of the investigated supplies, which happens to be 25 % decrease than in KGW and will be considered as superb nonlinear substance for very minimal-threshold SC era. The noticed steady and sturdy destruction-no cost efficiency of BGO and GGG at 200 kHz pulse repetition fee indicates that these nonlinear elements have a possible for SC era at even increased, MHz, repetition fees. In addition, these elements deliver SC radiation with a wonderful list of parameters which might be essential for applications in high velocity spectroscopy and imaging that employ bulk-created SC, see e.g.seventeen,18,19,twenty.
Determine 4 Beam radius variation on the two crystals although altering the focal length of your thermal lensing influence.
Though BGO, GGG, click here YSO, LSO and LYSO occasionally function laser hosts37, they are mainly determined as effective scintillators, whose scintillation Attributes are researched very well38. However, the nonlinear optical Homes of those crystals and so their potential to serve as nonlinear resources for SC era in particular, and some other experiments about nonlinear propagation of extreme femtosecond laser pulses, continue to be incredibly inadequately analyzed. To this point, GGG, LT23,twenty five and YSO24 were being only sketchily analyzed for SC technology with Ti:sapphire laser pumping, even so, to the most effective of our expertise, none of the investigated components had been examined with Yb-laser pumping, specifically for what fears their performance at pretty superior (tens to many kHz) pulse repetition costs.
-switched laser output underneath the two crystal placement configurations. The black line denotes the configuration with the crystals put in the identical orientation, although the crimson line is under the configuration of crystals put in orthogonal orientation.
Determine 4 Beam radius variation on the two crystals although transforming the focal duration from the thermal lensing impact.
An example of these conduct is revealed in Fig. 7a. The character of spectral modifications is highlighted in Fig. 7d, which shows how the SC spectrum within the prolonged-wavelength aspect shrinks substantially, from 1800 nm to 1450 nm, just immediately after eight minutes of publicity time in the stationary sample. LT crystal demonstrated considerably greater prolonged-phrase functionality: at pulse repetition charges of around 100 kHz no narrowing on possibly aspect in the SC spectrum was detected. Nevertheless, rapid narrowing of your SC spectrum in LT crystal was observed soon after the initial five minutes of operation when the heart beat repetition fee was set at 200 kHz (data not demonstrated). In contrast to the above elements, BGO and GGG demonstrated great SC generation performances with no spectral changes at a pulse repetition level of 200 kHz, as attested by the time number of SC spectra in BGO and GGG, shown in Fig. 7b and c, respectively. Figure 7e and f define equivalent designs of SC spectra at the beginning and at the end of 1 hour-Long lasting measurement in both of those supplies.